第41章 佃农理论英语原著 35
- 作者:张五常
- 类型:短篇文学
- 更新:07-04 15:13:01
- 字数:4344
www.youxs.org
Forgenerationseconomistsandlandtenurewritershavesoughttorankther,thechofresostatement.
InthischapterIhaveasked:Whyaredifferentcontractualarrangementschosenunderthesamesystemofprivatepropertyrights?vedcontractualbehavtheory:theproblemsinthetheoryofchoiceinvolvingtransactioncostsandrisksarestillformidable.
Althoughthepresenceoftransactioncostsorrisksmayresultindifferentintensitiesofresourceuse,aswasnotedearlierinthischapter,availabledatadonotrevealnotabledifferencesinfarmingintensitiesforvariousleasingarrangementsunderprivatepropertyrights.[1]ltivation,wagecontracts,fixedrents,,economictheoryimpliesatendencytowardthesame,transactioncostswouldhavetobesohighastoyield,forexample,thechoiceofacontract,however,havenotbeenimportantinAsianagricultureandcan,therefore,,theeffectsoftransactioncostsandrisksarerevealedmainlyintheobservedchoiceofcontractualarrangementsand,lessnotably,theriskpremiumsdistributedamongthecontractingparties.
angements.
[1].Oneexceptionisthatwefindthathousingassetsintenantfarmsweregenerallyoflowervaluethaninownerfarms(NationalGovernment,StatisticalAnalysis,www.youxs.org).Itmaybebecausehousingisalsoaconsumptionitemandtenantsweretypicallypoorer.
Inproduction,costminimizationrequiresnotonlythefulfillmentofthefamiliarsetofmarginalequalities,,onerelevantconsiderationisthecostofalternativecontractualarrangements,,asacostconstraint,efficiencywillbeattainedwhen,otherthingsequal,,thevaryingeffectivenessoflawenforcement,orthevaryingcorruptibilityofcourts,,utions,theParetoconditionwithtransactioncostsisambiguous.
Ihavealsonotexploredthecon,orvariousmethodsofattenuatingtherightofaresourceownertoobtaininefromhisresource,,namely,thelegallimitationonthelandownersrentalinetoamaximumpercentageoftheannualyield.
AmongsomerelatedproblemsthatIhaveexplicitlyavoided,,withrespecttoriskaversion,amoregeneralanalysiswouldincludeallriskychoices,www.youxs.org.
,:Whatwillhappentothechoiceofcontractsifthegovernmentchangesitsenforcementefforts?TowhatextentwilltheseeffortsbeconsistentwiththeParetocondition?Whatsetoflegalinstitutionsisconsistentwiththeoperationofthemarketplace?Withthesequestionsunanswered,th
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